What Is Monkeypox?
Monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also includes the smallpox virus. Although less severe than smallpox, Mpox can cause significant illness in humans. The disease was first identified in 1958 in monkeys, but its primary reservoirs are rodents and other small mammals. Human cases were first recorded in the 1970s in Central and West Africa, where the virus is most prevalent.
For more information, visit the World Health Organization (WHO).
How Does Mpox Spread?
Mpox spreads through direct contact with an infected person, animal, or contaminated materials. Here are the main transmission routes:
- Human-to-human transmission: Through respiratory droplets, close skin contact, or bodily fluids.
- Animal-to-human transmission: Through bites, scratches, or handling infected animals.
- Surface transmission: Contact with contaminated objects like bedding, clothing, or surfaces used by an infected person.
Symptoms of Mpox
Mpox symptoms typically appear within 5 to 21 days after exposure. The disease progresses through different stages, including:
- Initial symptoms: Fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain, chills, and swollen lymph nodes.
- Rash development: A painful rash appears, often starting on the face and spreading to other body parts. The rash progresses from flat spots to raised bumps, then to fluid-filled blisters that eventually scab over.
Most cases of Mpox are mild, lasting 2 to 4 weeks, but severe cases can occur, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
How to Prevent Mpox?
Preventing Mpox requires a combination of personal hygiene, vaccination, and public health measures. Here are the most effective ways to protect yourself and others:
1. Practice Good Hygiene
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
- Use alcohol-based hand sanitizers when soap is unavailable.
- Avoid touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouth.
- Use a good and skin-friendly disinfectant like Logic Sept to clean surfaces and hands effectively.
2. Avoid Close Contact with Infected Individuals
- Avoid direct skin-to-skin contact with anyone showing symptoms of Mpox.
- Do not share personal items like towels, clothing, or bedding with an infected person.
- Wear gloves and masks when caring for an infected individual.
3. Be Cautious Around Animals
- Avoid handling wild animals, especially rodents and primates.
- Do not consume or handle bushmeat, as it can be a source of infection.
- Keep pets away from infected individuals and objects.
4. Disinfect Surfaces and Objects
- Regularly clean and disinfect surfaces, especially in shared spaces.
- Properly dispose of contaminated materials like used tissues, bandages, and gloves.
5. Consider Vaccination
- The smallpox vaccine offers some protection against Mpox.
- In high-risk areas or outbreak situations, healthcare workers and close contacts may receive a vaccine to prevent infection.
What to Do If You Suspect Mpox?
If you experience symptoms of Mpox or have been in contact with an infected person, take the following steps:
- Seek medical attention: Contact a healthcare provider for diagnosis and guidance.
- Isolate yourself: Avoid close contact with others to prevent spreading the virus.
- Follow medical advice: Take prescribed medications, stay hydrated, and monitor symptoms.
Conclusion
Monkeypox is a preventable disease with the right precautions. By practicing good hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals and animals, and staying informed about vaccination options, you can reduce the risk of infection. If you suspect Monkeypox, seek medical attention promptly to protect yourself and those around you.
By spreading awareness and taking preventive measures, we can collectively work to contain Monkeypox and minimize its impact on public health.