Everything you need to know about fungus

What is a fungi?

Fungi has a great variety and comes in different shapes and sizes. Fungi are present in the soil, our body, the air, and so on. They are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. Fungi provide medicine and food, but they are destructive due to diseases in plants and animals.

Fungi can be multicellular or unicellular. Fungi are everywhere, found on land, soil, sea, etc.

A group of fungi are decomposing and grow on dead plants, soil, etc. In fact, these fungi play an important role in the carbon cycle. Some of these fungi cause diseases in plants.

These fungi can cause financial loss to farmers. Fungi rarely cause disease in animals, but in humans.They cause diseases such as skin diseases and so on.

The state of the world of fungi

In previous years, mobility and the method of obtaining nutrition were classified as criteria of a system. "Animals moved and plants did not move, and that's how fungi got stuck with plants," said Tom Welk, a professor of botany at the University of Wisconsin-La Cross.

Fungi have common features with heterotrophic animals, plants, and bacteria, but there are major differences that should be considered as an independent kingdom today. Because they do not obtain their food through photosynthesis, they are not considered plants.

In the past, mycology was considered a branch of botany, but today it has been concluded that fungi are more genetically related to animals.

Fungi are not considered on animals due to their inability to move (except for spores, a small number of which have flagella, which may move in the air or water) as well as the absorption of food externally.

By 2020, approximately 148,000 species of fungi have been identified by taxonomists. It is estimated that more than 90% of the fungi are still unknown. (Wikipedia source)

The important role of fungi

Humans are not yet fully aware of the role of fungi in nature and its ecosystem, However, according to the studies that mycologists have done in this field, they play a very important role in balancing the cycles of biological ecosystems and are used by humans in various activities.

Types of fungi (peer reviewed)

Fungi are classified based on life cycle, body structure, type of spores. Fungi are divided into three groups:

·        Multicellular filamentous fungi

·        Macroscopic filamentous fungi

·        Unicellular microscopic yeasts

Multicellular filamentous fungi

This type of fungus is made up of thin strands of hyphae. Hyphae grow at the tip and form long, branched chains. These hyphae have thin outer walls and their food, water and oxygen must be transported through the wall to the living fungal cell.

The hyphae continue to grow until they form a network of filaments called mycelium. (fungi reproduce)

Microscopic filamentous fungi

These fungi grow underground by forming mycelium. These microscopic filamentous fungi are different from molds. Yeasts are structurally single-celled and about the size of red blood cells. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important yeast.

This yeast plays an important role in bread production. Yeasts can also be used extensively in medical activities such as cancer research.

The effect of fungi on human health

Fungal infections can occur in anyone. Fungi can cause many health problems and is even more dangerous for people with immune-related diseases such as AIDS. (weakened immune systems)